Canadian Health Information Management Association Practice Exam

What principle is most closely associated with teleology in ethics?

1. Duty is based on laws.

2. Good outcomes determine moral action.

3. Equal treatment of all individuals.

4. Self-interest leads to ethical behavior.

The correct answer is: Good outcomes determine moral action.

Teleology in ethics is a consequentialist theory that emphasizes the importance of the outcomes or consequences of actions in determining their moral value. The principle that good outcomes determine moral action directly aligns with this view, as it suggests that the morality of an action is judged by its results. For instance, if an action leads to beneficial outcomes, it is deemed morally acceptable or good, whereas actions leading to harm or negative consequences are viewed as wrong. This focus on results distinguishes teleological ethics from deontological theories, which are centered on the adherence to laws or duties regardless of the consequences. Understanding this principle involves recognizing that the ultimate aim of teleological ethics is to produce the best possible results for the greatest number, which underlines its focus on the positive outcomes of actions rather than the motivations behind them or adherence to rules. This perspective is pivotal in many practical ethical discussions, particularly in fields such as healthcare and policy-making, where the effects of decisions on individuals and groups are critically important.